Kidneys are located in the posterior abdominal cavity and extend from which regions?

The kidneys are indeed situated in the posterior abdominal cavity, specifically located in the retroperitoneal space. Their positioning extends from the lower thoracic region, around the level of the T12 vertebra, down to the upper lumbar region, typically reaching as low as the L3 vertebra.

This anatomical placement aligns with the choice that specifies the thoracic to lumbar spinal region, correctly indicating that the kidneys begin near the lower thoracic vertebra and extend into the lumbar area. This understanding is crucial for medical professionals as it relates to surgical considerations, potential injury sites, and understanding referred pain or symptoms associated with kidney issues.

Other options referencing different spinal regions do not accurately represent the true anatomical placement of the kidneys, either extending into areas not related to their actual location or skipping the thoracic region necessary for proper identification.